Posted in: Cancer by Dr. Tarang Krishna Posted Date: 14 Jul, 2015
Leukemia can take many forms and it can affect anyone be it adults or children. It is one of the most common cancers in children who are below the age of 15 years and is more common in adults who are older than 55 years. Leukemia is the cancer of the white blood cells which overcomes other healthy blood cells like RBC and platelets. Blood consists of three types of cells: red blood cells (RBC) which carries oxygen in the blood, white blood cells (WBC) which fights infections and blood platelets which helps blood to clot. In leukemia the body produces more white blood cells than required and in spite of this they are not able to fight infection compared to normal cells without leukemia. In addition they interfere with the normal working of other blood cells. This results in a person becoming anemic and more prone to bruising and bleeding.
Leukemia is classified based on the type of blood cell that has become cancerous. For example, if lymphoblasts are affected it is called lymphoblastic leukemia. In general leukemia can be grouped into:
- Acute leukemia: Cells multiply at a very fast rate
- Chronic leukemia: Cells multiply slowly
The exact cause of leukemia is unknown however there are few factors that increase the cancer risk, these include:
- Genetic disorders like Fanconi anemia, Down syndrome, Bloom syndrome etc.
- If the person is previously treated by therapies like Chemotherapy or Radiation Therapy for other cancers
- Exposure to radiations or chemicals like benzene
- Smoking cigarette
- Family history
Leukemia symptoms depend on the type of cancer, few of the most common symptoms are:
- Fever and weakness
- Unexplained weight loss
- Swollen lymph nodes
- Bleeding and bruises
- Red spots on the skin
- Abdomen and bone pain
- Excessive sweating
One of the easiest ways to find leukemia is through blood test (to check for abnormal levels of WBC). Other way of finding leukemia is by physical examination (to look for pale skin- anemia, swelling of lymph nodes, or enlargement of liver and spleen) and by imaging techniques like Cytogenetic testing, spinal trap and chest x-ray.
There are several treatments available for Leukemia, however one of the most effective painless cancer treatment include Immunotherapy, a therapy that uses the body’s immune system to fight cancer without any major side effects like damage to normal cells, bone and hair loss, weight loss etc. To know more about the therapy check the following link: Cancer Healer Center